Nucleophilic aromatic substitution in haloarenes

Nucleophilic aromatic substitution (SNAr) is a type of reaction in which a nucleophile substitutes a leaving group on an aromatic ring. In haloarenes, the leaving group is a halogen atom (Cl, Br, or I) attached to an aromatic ring. SNAr reactions in haloarenes typically proceed through a two-step mechanism. In the first step, the nucleophile…