Ionic radius refers to the size of an ion, which is an atom or a group of atoms that has gained or lost one or more electrons, resulting in a net positive or negative charge, respectively. The ionic radius is defined as half the distance between the nuclei of two ions that are just touching…
Atomic radius is defined as half the distance between the nuclei of two identical atoms that are bonded together. The size of an atom can be influenced by several factors, including the number of protons in the nucleus, the number of electrons in the atom’s outermost energy level, and the amount of electron shielding provided…
Here are the electronic configurations of the first 36 elements in the periodic table: What is Required Electronic configuration of elements The electronic configuration of an element refers to the arrangement of its electrons in the atomic orbitals of its atoms. This is usually represented using a notation that lists the occupied atomic orbitals and…
The modern periodic law states that the properties of elements are periodic functions of their atomic numbers. This means that when elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic number, there is a periodic repetition of their chemical and physical properties. The present form of the periodic table is based on the modern periodic law…
An emulsion is a mixture of two or more immiscible liquids, where one liquid is dispersed throughout the other in small droplets. The dispersed liquid is known as the dispersed phase, while the continuous liquid is known as the continuous phase. The most common example of an emulsion is oil and water, where the oil…
Adsorption is a process by which molecules or atoms from a gas, liquid, or dissolved solid adhere to the surface of a solid material. The two main types of adsorption are physisorption and chemisorption. Physisorption, also known as physical adsorption or van der Waals adsorption, is a type of adsorption that occurs due to weak…
The Van’t Hoff factor, also known as the Van’t Hoff factor or i-factor, is a measure of the number of particles that a solute dissociates into when it is dissolved in a solvent. The factor is named after Dutch chemist Jacobus Henricus van ‘t Hoff. The Van’t Hoff factor is defined as the ratio of…
The elevation of boiling point refers to the increase in the boiling point of a liquid when a non-volatile solute, such as a salt or sugar, is added to it. This occurs because the presence of the solute lowers the vapor pressure of the liquid, meaning that a higher temperature is required to reach the…
Lowering of vapor pressure refers to the phenomenon in which the vapor pressure of a solvent is reduced when a non-volatile solute is added to it. This occurs due to the formation of intermolecular bonds between the solute and solvent molecules, which reduces the number of solvent molecules available to evaporate and therefore lowers the…
Colligative properties are physical properties of a solution that depend only on the number of particles of solute dissolved in the solvent, and not on the nature of the solute particles themselves. The four colligative properties are: What is Required Colligative properties Required colligative properties refer to the use of colligative properties to determine the…
