Kepler’s laws describe the motion of planets around the Sun. They were formulated by the German astronomer Johannes Kepler in the early 17th century, based on extensive observations made by the Danish astronomer Tycho Brahe. Kepler’s three laws are: Kepler’s laws were crucial in establishing the heliocentric model of the Solar System, in which the…
Acceleration due to gravity is the acceleration experienced by an object in the gravitational field of a massive body, such as a planet, moon, or star. The acceleration due to gravity is denoted by the symbol “g” and is usually measured in meters per second squared (m/s²). The value of acceleration due to gravity depends…
Mechanics is a branch of physics that deals with the study of motion, forces, and energy in physical systems. It is a fundamental field of science that provides the basis for understanding the behavior of a wide range of mechanical systems, from simple machines to complex structures like bridges, airplanes, and spacecraft. Mechanics is divided…
Gravitational potential is a concept in physics that describes the amount of work that must be done to move an object from one point in a gravitational field to another point. It is usually denoted by the symbol “V” and measured in units of joules per kilogram (J/kg) or meters squared per second squared (m^2/s^2).…
The law of gravitation, also known as Newton’s law of gravitation, is a fundamental principle in physics that describes the force of attraction between two objects with mass. The law states that every point mass in the universe attracts every other point mass with a force that is directly proportional to the product of their…
Young’s modulus, also known as the modulus of elasticity, is a measure of the stiffness of a material. It is defined as the ratio of stress to strain within the elastic limit of the material. In other words, it measures the amount of stress required to produce a certain amount of strain in a material.…
Hooke’s law is a principle in physics that states that the force needed to stretch or compress a spring is proportional to the distance the spring is stretched or compressed from its equilibrium position. This law is named after Robert Hooke, an English physicist who first described it in 1676. Hooke’s law can be expressed…
Angular simple harmonic motion is a type of periodic motion in which an object rotates about a fixed axis with an angular frequency that is proportional to the displacement from the equilibrium position, and the direction of rotation is opposite to the displacement. The equation of angular simple harmonic motion is given by: θ(t) =…
Linear refers to something that is straight or follows a straight line. In mathematics, a linear function is a function that has a constant rate of change, meaning that as the input variable increases by a fixed amount, the output variable also increases by a fixed amount. The graph of a linear function is a…
Resonance is a phenomenon that occurs when a system or object is subjected to a periodic disturbance, such as a sound wave or a vibration, that has the same frequency as the natural frequency of the system or object. When this happens, the system or object responds with an increased amplitude of oscillation. For example,…
