Viscosity is a measure of a fluid’s resistance to flow. It is defined as the internal frictional force that opposes the motion of one layer of fluid relative to another layer. The most common unit of viscosity is the Pascal-second (Pa·s) in the SI system, but other units like centipoise (cP) and millipascal-second (mPa·s) are…
Bubbles: Bubbles are pockets of gas enclosed by a thin layer of liquid. They can form in a liquid due to a variety of reasons, such as agitation, heating, or the release of dissolved gases. Bubbles are important in many industrial processes and are also a fascinating subject of study in fields such as chemistry,…
Mechanics drops can refer to a few different things depending on context, but generally it refers to a type of liquid used in mechanical applications to reduce friction, prevent wear, and provide lubrication. Mechanics drops can include things like motor oil, hydraulic fluid, and gear lubricants, which are used in engines, transmissions, and other mechanical…
Surface tension is a property of liquids that arises due to the cohesive forces between the molecules at the surface of the liquid. In other words, it is the measure of the attractive force that holds the molecules of a liquid together at the surface. The molecules at the surface of a liquid experience an…
Surface energy refers to the energy required to increase the surface area of a material or object. It is a measure of the cohesive forces between the atoms or molecules in the bulk of the material and the surface atoms or molecules. The surface atoms or molecules have a higher potential energy than those in…
Buoyancy is a physical principle that describes the upward force exerted by a fluid (such as water or air) on an object that is partially or fully immersed in it. This force is equal to the weight of the displaced fluid and is known as the buoyant force. According to Archimedes’ principle, an object will…
Pascal’s law, also known as Pascal’s principle, is a fundamental principle in fluid mechanics that states that a change in pressure applied to an enclosed fluid is transmitted uniformly in all directions throughout the fluid, regardless of the shape or size of the container. In other words, if a pressure is applied to a fluid…
Pressure in a fluid is the force per unit area that the fluid exerts on the surface it comes in contact with. This pressure is a result of the motion and collisions of the individual particles of the fluid, such as molecules or atoms, and is described by the fluid’s properties, such as its density…
Escape velocity is the minimum velocity that an object needs to achieve in order to escape the gravitational pull of a celestial body, such as a planet, moon, or star, and move away from it into space. The escape velocity is calculated using the following formula: Ve = sqrt(2GM/r) Where: Ve = escape velocity G…
Satellites in circular orbits move around the Earth at a constant distance from the Earth’s center. This type of orbit is also known as a “geostationary orbit” or “geosynchronous orbit”. In this type of orbit, the satellite takes the same amount of time to complete one orbit as the Earth takes to complete one rotation…
