Electrolysis Electrolysis is a chemical process that involves the use of an electric current to induce a non-spontaneous chemical reaction. It is a technique used to decompose compounds into their constituent elements or ions by passing an electric current through an electrolyte. In electrolysis, an electrolyte is a substance, either in a molten state or…
Kohlrausch’s Law Kohlrausch’s Law, also known as Kohlrausch’s equation or Kohlrausch’s conductivity law, describes the behavior of the molar conductivity of an electrolyte solution at a given concentration. It states that the molar conductivity of an electrolyte can be expressed as the sum of the molar conductivities of its individual ions. Mathematically, Kohlrausch’s Law can…
Redox reactions Short for oxidation-reduction reactions, are chemical reactions in which there is a transfer of electrons between species. In these reactions, one species undergoes oxidation (loses electrons) while another species undergoes reduction (gains electrons). This transfer of electrons is accompanied by changes in the oxidation numbers of the elements involved. Key concepts related to…
Colligative Properties Colligative properties are a set of physical properties of solutions that depend on the number of solute particles present in the solution, regardless of their chemical identity. These properties arise due to the interactions between the solvent and the solute particles. The four main colligative properties are: It is important to note that…
Types of solutions In chemistry, solutions can be classified into various types based on different criteria. Here are some common types of solutions: Based on the state of the solute and solvent:a. Solid Solutions: These solutions involve a solid solute dissolved in a liquid or solid solvent. An example is an alloy like brass, which…
Solutions Here are some common topics covered in the chemistry syllabus for medical entrance exams: This is just a general outline, and the actual syllabus may include additional topics or subtopics. I recommend referring to the official AIIMS syllabus or any course materials provided by the institute for more accurate and detailed information. What is…
Crystalline Solids Crystalline solids are a type of solid material characterized by their highly ordered and repeating three-dimensional arrangement of atoms, ions, or molecules. This regular arrangement gives crystalline solids their distinct crystalline structure and various properties. Here are some key features and properties of crystalline solids: The study of crystalline solids is essential in…
Amorphous Amorphous is a term used in materials science to describe a solid substance that lacks a definite long-range order in its atomic or molecular structure. Unlike crystalline materials, which have a regular and repeating arrangement of atoms or molecules, amorphous materials have a disordered arrangement. In amorphous substances, the atoms or molecules are randomly…
Metallic Solids Metallic solids are a type of solid material characterized by a lattice structure composed of metal atoms or ions. They exhibit metallic bonding, which is responsible for their unique properties such as high electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, and malleability. Here are some key features and characteristics of metallic solids: These are some of…
Ionic covalent “Ionic” and “covalent” are terms used to describe the types of chemical bonds that can form between atoms. Ionic Bond: An ionic bond is formed when one or more electrons are transferred from one atom to another. This results in the formation of positively charged ions (cations) and negatively charged ions (anions). The…
